What If It Finishes?
Questions with (*) sign are open-ended questions.
Page 111
Look at the picture on page 110 and write
What are the different kinds of vehicles that you can see?
I can see buses, cars, auto-rickshaw, motorcycles, cycles, scooters etc.
What do you think they need petrol and diesel as fuel?
Except for the cycle, all the other vehicles need petrol or diesel as fuel.
Which of the vehicles do you think give off smoke? Put a red mark on those.
Except for the cycle, all the other vehicles give off smoke.
Which are the vehicles run without petrol and diesel?
Cycle run without petrol and diesel.
What problems do we face from speeding vehicles?
Speeding vehicles can cause accidents.
Tell
Do you ride a bicycle? If yes, where all do you go on it?
Yes, I ride a bicycle. I use cycle to go to the playground.
How do you come to school?
I come to school on walking.
How do your family members go to work from home?
My father travels through a local train and my mother by auto-rickshaw and bus.
What problems can we have from smoke coming out of vehicles?
The smoke from the vehicles can cause cough and headache and it causes air pollution.
What kind of problems can we face from the noise of vehicles (honking)?
The noise of vehicles can cause damage to the ear, headaches and an increase in anxiety.
Page 113
Find out and discuss
Which states of India have oil fields?
In India Assam. Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra states have oil fields.
Besides oil, what else is found deep inside the earth?
Besides oil, many materials like coal, diamonds, iron, copper, bauxite, granites, gold, silver, aluminum, etc are found deep inside the earth.
Find out the traffic rules and discuss them in the class.
We should use petrol and diesel judiciously. Think why?
The sources of petrol and diesel are limited, therefore, we should use them judiciously.
Page 114
Write
What all can vehicles run on?
Vehicles run on petrol, diesel, CNG, electricity and solar energy.
What kinds of problems will we face, if the number of vehicles keep on increasing? For example, more traffic on the road. Talk to your elders and write about it.
The problems we face if the number of vehicles keeps on increasing are as follows.
i). air pollution
ii). Sound pollution
iii). Traffic jam
iv). Accidents
Manju said, “Why doesn’t everyone use a bus?” What do you think, why don’t people travel by bus?
Generally, buses are overcrowded and sometimes the travel hours are long. Therefore, rich people avoid travel by bus for their comfort and convenience.
Suggest some ways to deal with the problems arising out of the growing number of vehicles.
i). We should use public transport systems like buses, trains etc.
ii). People should share their car (carpool).
What are the benefits, if we switch off the engine of the vehicles at the red light on the road?
We can save the petrol or diesel.
Page 115
Find out and write
| How much oil | Scooter | Car | Tractor |
| How much petrol/diesel can be filled at a time | |||
| How far it can go in 1 litre of petrol/diesel |
Answer:
| How much oil | Scooter | Car | Tractor |
| How much petrol/diesel can be filled at a time | 12 litres | 25 – 35 litres | 40-50 litres |
| How far it can go in 1 litre of petrol/diesel | 40-50 km | 15 – 20 km | 10 – 15km |
In 2014, as compared to 2007 the rate of petrol went up by 24.34 rupees. The rate of diesel increased by 28.49 rupees.
What was the difference in the rates of petrol and diesel from 2002 to 2007 and 2007 to 2014?
The difference of petrol from 2002 to 2007 is 13.61
The difference of petrol from 2007 to 2014 is 24.34
The difference of diesel from 2002 to 2007 is 11.57
The difference of diesel from 2007 to 2014 is 28.49
Find out
What is the price of petrol and diesel in your area?
Petrol 109.50 for 1 litre and diesel 101.35 per litre.
Why are the prices of petrol and diesel going up?
The production of petrol and diesel is limited and demand for them is increasing day by day. Therefore, the prices of petrol and diesel going up.
In one month how much petrol and diesel is used in your home? What is it used for?
In my home petrol used by my father for his motorbike is 40 litres for his traveling to the office.
Page 116
See the poster and write
Where all is the oil used?
Oil is used for dry cleaning, to run machines plastic and paints, for lighting, as fuel in vehicles, for making plastics and paints and as kerosene and LPG.
Where is diesel used? Find out.
Diesel is used as fuel for vehicles like cars, buses, trucks, trains and tractors. It is also used to run machines and generators.
Page 117
Think and discuss
What would happen if you don’t get petrol or diesel for a week in your village or town?
Vehicles could not run. Factories will stop operation. Life will be difficult for everyone.
Suggest some ways to save oil.
i). We should use public transport systems like buses, train etc.
ii). People should share their car (carpool).
iii). Switch of the engine when stopped at signals
iv). Use alternate energy sources like solar energy and wind energy.
v). Use electric cars instead of petrol, diesel or CNG vehicles.
Discuss
Have you ever collected dry wood or made cow dung cakes? How are they made?
I have collected dry wood to make bonfires. I had never collected cow dung but had seen in village people collecting cow dung. They dry it to make cow dung cakes.
Do you know anyone who collects dry wood or leaves to be used for lighting a chulha?
Yes in my village I have seen people collecting dry wood or leaves to be used for lighting a chulha.
Page 118
Who cooks food in your family? What about other families in your area?
My mother cooks food in my family. In other families, in my area, women cook the food.
If they cook food using wood or upla (cow dung cakes), what difficulties do they face due to smoke?
No one in my area cooks food using wood or upla. If they cook food using wood or upla smoke arise causing headache and nausea.
Can Durga use anything else instead of wood? Why not?
Yes, Durga can use cow dung cakes instead of wood.
In the year 1976, out of 100 how many houses used upla and wood?
84 houses.
– Which was the fuel used the least in 1976?
Electricity.
In 1976, LPG and kerosene were used in 10 houses and in 1996
this increased to 18. This means that in twenty years their use
increased by 80%
Out of 100, how many houses were using electricity in 1996?
54 houses.
– Which fuel was used the least in 1996? What percentage of
houses used it in the year 1976?
Coal was used least in 1996. In 1976 it was used in 5% of houses.
Find out from your elders
When they were young what was then used to cook food at home?
When they were young coal, firewood and cow dung caked were used to cook food at home.
In the past 10 years use of which cooking fuel has increased in your area? Use of which fuel has decreased?
In the past 10 years, LPG is increased in my area and the use of cow dung cakes, kerosene and fire wood had decreased.
Guess the use of which fuel would increase and which would decrease in the next 10 years.
The use of solar energy and electricity would increase and the use of LPG would decrease in the next 10 years.
Additional Questions.
True or False
1). Petrol and diesel are everlasting.
False.
2). Petrol and diesel are naturally made.
True
3). We should switch off the engine when we stop the car.
True.
4). Petrol is made by machines.
False.
5). Petrol and diesel are found everywhere deep inside the earth.
False
6). Petroleum is used to make things like plastic and paints.
True.
