6. Conflict with the Mughals

     6.Conflict with the Mughals

Q.1 Arrange in chronological order

1. Southern campaign of Shivaji Maharaj
2. Raid on Lal Mahal
3. Escape from Agra
4. Coronation
5. Treaty of Purandar
6. Shaistakhan’s invasion 

Answer:

1. Shaistkhan’s invasion 
2. Raid on Lal Mahal 
3. Treaty of Purandar
4. Escape from Agra
5. Coronation 
6. Southern campaign of Shivaji Maharaj

 

Q 2 Find the names from the chapter.

 i). A dictionary containing Sanskrit words – Rajya-vyavahar_kosha.

ii). He won Triambakgad – Morepant Pingale

iii). This Sardar was defeated at Vani Dindori – Daudkhan

iv). A place where the British and French had their factories – Surat

v). Killedar of the fort of Chakan – Firangoji Narsala

vi). Setup his camp at LalMahal in Pune – Shaistakhan

vii).  Ruler of Tanjavur- Vyankoji

viii). Important port and trade center of Moghuls- Surat

ix). Emperor of Golconda- Qutubshah

x). Half-brother of Shivaji Maharaj- Vyankoji Maharaj.

 Q 3 Write about this in your own words

i). Preparations for the coronation.

        An extremely valuable and grand throne was made for the coronation of Shivaji Maharaj. There were eight bejeweled pillars on eight sides of the throne. This throne made of thirty two ‘mann’ of gold has been studded with precious jewels. Without measuring or counting, plenty of money, clothes, elephants, and horses were donated to the great scholars who had come to attend the coronation ceremony from different regions.

 

ii). The coronation of Shivaji Maharaj

           The founding of the Maratha Swaraj involved a relentless struggle for over 30 years. Maharaj realized that now it was necessary for the Swaraj to win general recognition as a sovereign independent state. For this, a formal coronation was necessary. On 6 June 1674, he had himself coronated at Raigad by Gagabhatt, a learned Pandit. Maharaj ascended the throne of Swaraj. He now became the Chhatrapati of the Swaraj. As a symbol of sovereignty, the Rajyabhisheka shaka was started. Maharaj became the founder of a new era. On the occasion of the coronation special coins were minted – a gold coin called Hon and a copper coin called Shivrai with the legend ‘Shree Raja Shivachhatrapati’ inscribed on them.

 

iii). Escape from Agra

          Jaisingh proposed to Shivaji Maharaj that he should visit Agra and meet the Mughal Emperor. He guaranteed the safety of Shivaji Maharaj. Shivaji Maharaj along with Prince Sambhaji and a few of his trusted people set out for Agra. Shivaji Maharaj reached Agra, but Emperor Aurangzeb did not treat him with due honor at his court and put Shivaji Maharaj under house arrest. Undeterred by this action of the Emperor, Maharaj devised a plan of escaping from this house arrest. He adroitly escaped from Agra and reached Maharashtra safely after a few days. While returning from Agra he had left Sambhaji Raje at Mathura who later brought safely to Rajgad.

 

iv). Shivaji Maharaj’s campaign of the South.

         Three years after the coronation, in October 1677 Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj undertook a campaign of the south.  He went to Qutubshah of Golconda and entered into a treaty of friendship with him. Later Maharaj won Bengaluru, Hoskote in Karnataka, Jinji Vellore, etc. forts in today’s Tamil Nadu and some other territories of Adilshah. Shivajiraje appointed Raghunath Narayan Hanamante as the chief administrator to look after the conquered territories in the South. Shivaji Maharaj tried to get his half-brother, Vyankoji Raje ruler of Thanjavur to participate in the activities of the Swaraj.

 

Q 4. Give reasons

1). Shivaji Maharaj entered into the Treaty of Purandar.

             Mughal forces were sent to various parts of the Swaraj. They ravaged the territories of the Swaraj. Maharaja endeavored to resist the Mughals. When the Mughals put the fort of Purandar under siege, Murarbaji Deshpande fought with the greatest of courage. He died a hero’s death. Considering the seriousness of the situation, Maharaj entered into the treaty of Purandar.

 

2). Shivaji Maharaj took an aggressive stand against the Moghuls.

          Immediately after returning from Agra, Maharaja did not want any conflict with the Mughals. However, he wanted to recapture the forts and territories given to the Mughals as per the Purandar treaty. It was his strategy to capture the forts by sending a well-equipped army on the one hand, and on the other hand, to keep the Mughals unstable by invading the territories of the Deccan under their control. Therefore, Shivaji Maharaj took an aggressive stand against the Mughals.

 

3). Shivaji Maharaj decided to attack Surat.

        Shaistakhan has ravaged large territories of the Swaraj. It was necessary to make good this loss. For this Shivaji Maharaj devised a plan for teaching the Mughals a lesson. Surat was a big trade center and a port under the control of the Mughals. It was a rich city. Maximum revenue was being generated by this city for the Mughal Emperor. Therefore, Shivaji Maharaj decided to attack Surat.

 

Q 5. Answer the following questions.

1). Where dick Shaistakhan set up his camp?

         Shaistakhan set up his camp at Lal Mahal in Pune.

 

2). What are the terms of the ‘Treaty of Purandar’?

         In accordance with the terms of the treaty, Maharaj gave the Moghuls, twenty-three of his forts and the adjoining territories yielding an annual revenue of four lakh Hons. He also assured the Mughals of help against the Adilshahi.

 

 

Match the pairs 

  Group A                                     Group B

1. Firangoji Narsala a. Ruler of Tanjavore
2. Inayat Khan   b. An experienced Rajput Sardar
3. Vyankoji Maharaj  c. a learned pandit
4. Mirzaraja Jaisingh e. subedar of Surat
5. Gagabhatt g.

 

Answers:

1. Firangoji Narsala	Killedar of the fort of Chakaan
2. Inayat Khan	subedar of Surat
3. Vyankoji Maharaj	Ruler of Tanjavore
4. Mirzaraja Jaisingh	An experienced Rajput Sardar
5. Gagabhatt	a learned pandit

 

Match the pairs 

  Group A                                                 Group      B

1. Raid on Lal Mahal  a. 6 June, 1674
2. Treaty of Purandar     b. 5 April, 1663
3. Coronation of Shivaji Maharaj      c. June 1665

1. Raid on Lal Mahal	5 April, 1663
2. Treaty of Purandar	June 1665
3. Coronation of Shivaji Maharaj	6 June, 1674

 

Other Lessons from Std 7 Maharashtra Board History

1. Sources of History
2. India before the Times of Shivaji Maharaj
3. Religious Synthesis
4. Maharashtra before the Times of Shivaji Maharaj
5. The Foundation of the Swaraj
6. Conflict with the Mughals
7. The Administration of the Swaraj
8. An Ideal Ruler
9. The Maratha War of Independence
10. The Expansion of the Maratha Power
11. Marathas- The Protectors of the Nation
12. Progression of the Empire
13. Life of the People in Maharashtra